12/22/2023 0 Comments State that seismac tremors![]() The level or size of the earthquake also depends on the area in which it takes place. ![]() The crack grows with a speed of 2 to 3 km/sec. Seismic waves transfer energy without moving material. This energy causing the earthquake is known as seismic waves. Stress builds over the surface of the earth as the crack grows on to become larger and larger. A crack starts to open on a pre-existing point or line of weakness deep underground when an earthquake takes place. The energy that travels under the surface layer of the earth and causes an earthquake is called seismic waves. This is the type of wave motion that causes so much structural damage. The S waves arrive a few seconds later, shaking the ground surface vertically and horizontally with their up-and-down and side-to-side movements. ![]() The effect is similar to that of a sonic boom, which rattles and knocks glass. The P waves are the first to be felt in most earthquakes. The density and elastic qualities of the rocks and soil through which seismic waves flow determine their actual speed. S waves cannot propagate in the liquid sections of the planet, such as oceans and lakes, since liquids do not rebound back when sheared sideways or twisted. An S wave shears the rock sideways at right angles to the direction of motion as it propagates. The secondary or S wave is the slower wave that travels through the body of rock. These P waves can pass through solid rock, such as granite mountains, as well as a liquid material, such as volcanic lava or ocean water. Its motion is similar to that of a sound wave in that it alternately pushes (compresses) and pulls (dilates) the rock as it spreads out. The main or P wave is the fastest of these bodily waves. Two of the three reproduce within a rock mass. ![]() Three primary forms of elastic waves cause earthquake shaking and damage. Seismic waves are similar to ripples that can flow through the earth's interior as well as its surface. It's similar to the ripples that occur when a stone is thrown into the water. When an earthquake happens, it sends forth energy waves known as seismic waves. Body waves refer to the combination of P-waves and S-waves. P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves are the three primary forms of seismic waves. The findings could provide a glimpse of the Earth's core structure, as well as aid in the location and understanding of fault planes and the pressures and strains that act on them. Seismologists can deduce the sort of material the waves are traveling through based on the differing behavior of waves in different materials. Waves can be refracted and reflected as they travel through varying densities and stiffnesses. Seismographs are used by seismologists to record how long seismic waves take to travel across different layers of the Earth. They shake the Earth and transform soft deposits like clay into jelly for a short time (liquefaction). Vijayapura and Bagalkot recorded 45 tremors in the last one year because of the presence of Almatti reservoir.When an earthquake happens, energy shockwaves known as seismic waves are released from the earthquake's focal point. “This is a reservoir-induced seismic zone,” Reddy said, adding that “More pressure is exerted on the largest fault line in the Deccan Plateau on which Koyna is built.” In the Deccan Plateau, Koyna reservoir in Maharashtra falls under zone 4 which is a more active seismic zone. Some of the active seismic zones in the state include the Western Ghats, coastal areas which come under zone 3 and all rivers and reservoirs including KRS, Supa, Harangi and Almatti among others. The last big recorded earthquake in Karnataka was in Ballari in 1863, measuring 6.5 on the Richter scale, Reddy said, noting that in the past five years they have not recorded anything beyond 4 on the Richter scale. Reddy, however, said there is no need to panic as the tremors felt in the state measure less than 5 in magnitude on the Richter scale. “Despite being in a low-risk seismic zone of 2 and 3, Karnataka is one of the few states in the country to have taken safety measures,” Dr G S Srinivasa Reddy, director, KSNDMC, told Express.Īccording to him, all river beds form a major fault line (the surface of a fault fracture along which the rocks have been displaced) in the state, including the Arkavathy bed in Bengaluru. The centre has installed seismic record systems at 13 places across the state. Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC) gets a real time alert on such mild quakes with the magnitude less than 1 to 4 on the Richter scale.
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